Rome: public spending and revenue per capita, all governments

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Les governments, ensemble ou un à un.

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← Overview · Rome

Public finances Assets and debt Taxation

All modules

Public finances

Total system costcoming soonFunctions and responsibilitiescoming soonCurrency and debtremovedSovereign fundsremoved

Understand

Income taxcoming soon

Economy

Economycoming soonPublic paycoming soon

Demographics

Demographicscoming soon

Health

Healthcoming soonOutcomescoming soon

Education

Educationcoming soonTertiary educationcoming soon

Social

Housingcoming soonPoverty and wealthcoming soon

Safety and justice

Public safetycoming soon

Transport

Transportcoming soonRoads and worksremoved

Energy and environment

Energy and climatecoming soonGHG and pollutioncoming soonSustainabilitycoming soon

Agriculture

Agriculture and foodcoming soon

Defence

Defence and NATOcoming soon

Health and family

Childcarecoming soonPensionscoming soonInsurancecoming soon

Transport and digital

Telecommunications and digitalcoming soonDigital infrastructureremoved

Why some modules are greyed out

coming soon: this release opens three deep analyses: public finances, assets and debt, taxation
removed for now: currency and IMF country series were not tied closely enough to the city; the balance sheet (assets vs debt) stays in Assets and debt
removed, named: sovereign wealth funds; no free official API (paid SWF Institute); revisit if a public source appears
removed, nommé: les séries routières BM (IS.ROD.*) sont archivées et IRF access is paid; revisit if a public source becomes available again
removed, named: duplicate de Telecoms Digital (same indicateurs WB broadband/mobile); merged rather than duplicated

Follow the money : one tap, same perimeter and same period as this page.

Entity Rome Government StackTier European Union (budget executed in the country) · Italy (central government) · Roma CapitaleGeography RomePeriod 2024Accounting basis Stack indicator (per-capita averages)Status Audited (source)Source class bodies_only

Indicateur du Stack, construit à partir des moyennes par habitant (Union européenne (budget exécuté dans le pays) ÷ 59.0M, Italie (central government) ÷ 58,971,230, Roma Capitale ÷ 2,748,175). Ce n'est pas la dépense mesurée dans Rome, ni une consolidation GFSM, ni une facture fiscale personnelle.

No published reconciliation ledger for a Stack total: the participating administrations are shown separately.

Spending shown: not published
Revenue shown: not published

Entity City de RomeTier Municipal onlyGeography RomePeriod 2024Accounting basis comptes municipaux déclarésStatus Fait municipal déclaréSource class reported_municipal

Amounts reported by the City of Rome, municipal perimeter only: this is not the Stack indicator.

Scope: administration municipal seule.

Spending shown: EUR 2,318/res.
Revenue shown: EUR 2,433/res.

Snapshot: per capita

REVENUE PER RESIDENT

EUR 12,770

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Italy (central government) · Roma Capitale

SPENDING PER RESIDENT

EUR 14,661

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Italy (central government) · Roma Capitale

GAP G − T / RES.

EUR 1,891

of which EUR 1,508 is reported deficit: the rest of G − T is not borrowing

Spending

Public purposes plus declared surplus (savings set aside), on the same scale as financing.

Spending EUR 14,661+ surplus EUR 115 = EUR 14,776

Social EUR 2,943 (19.9 %)Economy and environment EUR 2,381 (16.1 %)Administration & other programmes EUR 2,338 (15.8 %)Health EUR 1,495 (10.1 %)Debt service EUR 1,445 (9.8 %)EDUCATION EUR 1,442 (9.8 %)Transport EUR 1,101 (7.5 %)Safety and justice EUR 720 (4.9 %)Defence EUR 483 (3.3 %)Leisure & culture EUR 293 (2.0 %)ESA statistical discrepancy (identified) EUR 20 (0.1 %)Reported surplusEUR 115 (0.8 %)

What these names measure here (6 causes)

Social · IT

Who bears: État / sécu / collectivités
What this counts: Social protection (COFOG GF10)
Includes: pensions, family, chômage, exclusion
Does not include: soins médicaux classés GF07 Health

Economy and environment · IT

Who bears: Tiers who publient Economy / environnement
What this counts: COFOG GF05 (environmental protection) and GF06 (economic affairs: agriculture, …
Includes: climate policies, agricultural subsidies, public waste management
Does not include: Transport (GF04), EDUCATION (GF09), Defence (GF02)

Administration & other programmes · IT

Who bears: Central administration of the tier
What this counts: COFOG GF01: General public services (exécutif, législatif, Foreign affairs, aide …
Includes: Central government, diplomatie, charges générales
Does not include: Defence (GF02), HEALTH (GF07), dette en intérêts seuls (Service de la dette quand ventilé)

Health · IT

Who bears: State / social security / Local governments (by country)
What this counts: Services de HEALTH publics (COFOG GF07)
Includes: hôpitaux, soins ambulatoires, HEALTH public
Does not include: private insurance and out-of-pocket costs outside public accounts

Debt service · IT

Who bears: Tier that services the debt
What this counts: Interest on general government debt (ESA: D
Includes: interest on consolidated public borrowing
Does not include: principal amortization, guarantees and equity holdings

Education · IT

Who bears: État / collectivités
What this counts: Education public (COFOG GF09)
Includes: public schools and universities
Does not include: enseignement privé hors comptes publics

+ Open the detail: the 12 lines of this bar, row by row, with their source

Social EUR 2,943/res. · 3 row(s)

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Social protection & family 6 European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): S Solidarity mechanisms (special instruments): 352 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission). → 354.0 M ÷ 59.0M (European Union (budget executed in the country)) = 6/res.
Italie (central government) · Social protection & family 2,658 Italie centrale: 156 732.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) → 156.7 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 2,658/res.
Roma Capitale · Social protection & family 279 Roma Capitale: 766.3 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) → 766.7 M ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 279/res.

Economy and environment EUR 2,381/res. · 3 row(s)

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Economic affairs, environment and planning 206 European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 1. Single Market, Innovation and Digital: 1.6 G€; 2. Cohesion, Resilience and Values: 4.6 G€; 3. Natural Resources and Environment: 5.9 G€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission). → 12.2 G ÷ 59.0M (European Union (budget executed in the country)) = 206/res.
Italie (central government) · Economic affairs, environment and planning 1,674 Italie centrale: 98 717.8 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) → 98.7 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 1,674/res.
Roma Capitale · Economic affairs, environment and planning 501 Roma Capitale: 1 376.0 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) → 1.4 G ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 501/res.

Administration & other programmes EUR 2,338/res. · 3 row(s)

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Administration & other programmes 6 European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 6. Neighbourhood and the World: 86 M€; 7. European Public Administration: 285 M€; O Outside MFF: 0 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission). → 354.0 M ÷ 59.0M (European Union (budget executed in the country)) = 6/res.
Italy (central government) · Administration & other programmes 1,783 Italy centrale: 106 586.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024): less 24 €/res.: the ribbon to Roma Capitale comes from here, les transferts aux communes vivent DANS les fonctions COFOG (les montrer deux fois serait un double compte) → 105.1 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (administration centrale)) = 1,783/hab
Roma Capitale · Administration & other programmes 549 Roma Capitale: 1 509.4 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) → 1.5 G ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 549/res.

Health EUR 1,495/res. · 1 row(s)

Italie (central government) · Health and social services 1,495 Italie centrale: 88 145.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) → 88.2 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 1,495/res.

Debt service EUR 1,445/res. · 2 row(s)

Italie (central government) · Debt interest 1,445 Italie centrale: 85 211.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) → 85.2 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 1,445/res.
Roma Capitale · Debt interest 0 Roma Capitale: 0.4 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024)

Education EUR 1,442/res. · 2 row(s)

Italie (central government) · Education (primary → university) 1,221 Italie centrale: 71 975.9 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) → 72.0 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 1,221/res.
Roma Capitale · Education (primary → university) 221 Roma Capitale: 608.4 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) → 607.3 M ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 221/res.

Transport EUR 1,101/res. · 2 row(s)

Italie (central government) · Transport and mobility 544 Italie centrale: 32 084.7 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) → 32.1 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 544/res.
Roma Capitale · Transport and mobility 557 Roma Capitale: 1 531.2 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) → 1.5 G ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 557/res.

Safety and justice EUR 720/res. · 3 row(s)

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Public safety and justice 4 European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 4. Migration and Border Management: 255 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission). → 236.0 M ÷ 59.0M (European Union (budget executed in the country)) = 4/res.
Italy (central government) · Public safety and justice 585 Italie centrale: 34 477.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) → 34.5 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 585/res.
Roma Capitale · Public safety and justice 131 Roma Capitale: 360.3 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) → 360.0 M ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 131/res.

Defence EUR 483/res. · 2 row(s)

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Defence 3 European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 5. Security and Defence: 166 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission). → 177.0 M ÷ 59.0M (European Union (budget executed in the country)) = 3/res.
Italie (central government) · Defence 480 Italie centrale: 28 301.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) → 28.3 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 480/res.

Leisure & culture EUR 293/res. · 2 row(s)

Italie (central government) · Leisure & culture 213 Italie centrale: 12 561.6 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) → 12.6 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 213/res.
Roma Capitale · Leisure & culture 80 Roma Capitale: 218.6 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) → 219.9 M ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 80/res.

ESA statistical discrepancy (identified) EUR 20/res. · 1 row(s)

Italie (central government) · ESA statistical discrepancy (identified) 20 TE (total des dépenses S1311) − total COFOG publié = 1,163 M€ (0 2%). Les deux figures are officiels; l'écart est affiché pas caché. → 1.2 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 20/res.

Reported surplus EUR 115/res.

a government's positive accounting result, allocated to investment, reserves or carried forward: not idle cash, and the opposite of a deficit.

Revenue

Own revenue + declared deficit + denominator effect; réconciliation en déduction si besoin. L'excédent n'est pas ici: il est sur la barre des dépenses. L'effet de dénominateur n'est pas un nouveau dollar.

Funding EUR 14,776net EUR 14,776 (equal to spending + surplus)

Personal income taxes EUR 5,377 (42.1 %)Sales taxes & excise EUR 4,185 (32.8 %)Other revenue: details appear below EUR 1,548 (12.1 %)Property and local taxes EUR 1,102 (8.6 %)Tarifs & services EUR 431 (3.4 %)Grants & transfers received from other tiers EUR 109 (0.9 %)Taxes & levies (type not broken down by the source) EUR 18 (0.1 %)+ Reported deficitsEUR 1,508 + Transfer denominator effect EUR 495+ Reconciliation gap EUR 3

+ Open the detail: the 10 lines of this bar, row by row, with their source

Personal income taxes EUR 5,377/res. · 1 row(s)

Italie (central government) · Taxes on income, wealth & capital 5,377 317,113 M€ (D5 + D91) → 317.1 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italy (central government)) = 5,377/res.

Sales taxes & excise EUR 4,185/res. · 1 row(s)

Italie (central government) · Taxes on production & imports (VAT, excise…) 4,185 246,797 M€ (Eurostat gov_10a_taxag D2, S1311, 2024) → 246.8 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italie (central government)) = 4,185/res.

Other revenue: details appear below EUR 1,548/res. · 4 row(s)

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Other and capital 32 14.4 % of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS inside S13 spending (arbitrage A16). EUR (source Commission). → 1.9 G ÷ 59.0M (European Union (budget executed in the country)) = 32/res.
Italie (central government) · Other revenue (transfers received, sales and income) 1,136 67,010 M€: named residual: TR minus the listed taxes → 67.0 G ÷ 58,971,230 (Italy (central government)) = 1,136/res.
Roma Capitale · Réduction d'actifs financiers 106 292.5 M€ (titolo 5, deposit withdrawals) → 291.3 M ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 106/res.
Roma Capitale · Other transfers & revenue en capital 274 754.2 M€: titles 2 and 4 minus all identified central components → 753.0 M ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 274/res.

Property and local taxes EUR 1,102/res. · 1 row(s)

Roma Capitale · local taxes (excluding State funds) 1,102 3 028.8 M€: titolo 1 minus the State equalisation fund → 3.0 G ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 1,102/res.

Tarifs & services EUR 431/res. · 1 row(s)

Roma Capitale · Tarifs, ventes & revenue extratributaires 431 1 185.2 M€ (titolo 3) → 1.2 G ÷ 2,748,175 (Roma Capitale) = 431/res.

Grants & transfers received from other tiers EUR 109/res. · 1 row(s)

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Grants and transfers received 109 48.3 % of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS inside S13 spending (arbitrage A16). EUR (source Commission). → 6.4 G ÷ 59.0M (European Union (budget executed in the country)) = 109/res.

Taxes & levies (type not broken down by the source) EUR 18/res. · 1 row(s)

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Taxes and levies 18 8.0 % of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS inside S13 spending (arbitrage A16). EUR (source Commission). → 1.1 G ÷ 59.0M (European Union (budget executed in the country)) = 18/res.

+ Reported deficits EUR 1,508/res.

the sum of deficits that administrations themselves record in their accounts. This is the ONLY line in this cascade that corresponds to borrowed money. Their operating versus investment share is not published.

+ Transfer denominator effect EUR 495/res.

the same transfer, counted per capita of the payer then per capita of the recipient. No extra dollar moved: this is a change of denominator, not a debt.

+ Reconciliation gap EUR 3/res.

rounding and lines from different reference years or scopes. Isolated here instead of being quietly assigned to transfers or the deficit.

Same G and T as the hub and Spending by category.

By tier, same scale

Lecture en fin de parcours: each administration ÷ sa Population. Pas une consolidation.

Italy (all tiers)dép. EUR 18,819/res.

revenuerev. EUR 17,568/res.

Romedép. EUR 2,318/res.

revenuerev. EUR 2,433/res.

What the spending pays for

Each category opens its source lines. COFOG groups and classes with no published amount stay in the dictionary, not as invented bars.

Follow the money: open the flow diagram for this perimeter →

Social

native cause from the spec

EUR 2,943/res.

Cause de dépense des paliers displayed (indicateur du Stack ou périmètre municipal selon le sélecteur). Grain: division / cause native: pas de montant inventé au niveau groupe ou classe.

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Social protection & family · European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): S Solidarity mechanisms (special instruments): 352 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission). · 59.0MEUR 6/res.

Italie (central government) · Social protection & family · Italie centrale: 156 732.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) · 58,971,230EUR 2,658/res.

Roma Capitale · Social protection & family · Roma Capitale: 766.3 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) · 2,748,175EUR 279/res.

What « Social » comprend here

Inclus in ce montant

Social: EUR 2,943/res.

Inclus mais non chiffré séparément

Local sub-services not broken down in the published source

Présence non documentée

Whether associated bodies sit inside this amount: not documented here

Not documented: we do not conclude it is excluded.

Stable link to this category

Economy and environment

native cause from the spec

EUR 2,381/res.

Cause de dépense des paliers displayed (indicateur du Stack ou périmètre municipal selon le sélecteur). Grain: division / cause native: pas de montant inventé au niveau groupe ou classe.

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Economic affairs, environment and planning · European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 1. Single Market, Innovation and Digital: 1.6 G€; 2. Cohesion, Resilience and Values: 4.6 G€; 3. Natural Resources and Environment: 5.9 G€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission). · 59.0MEUR 206/res.

Italie (central government) · Economic affairs, environment and planning · Italie centrale: 98 717.8 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) · 58,971,230EUR 1,674/res.

Roma Capitale · Economic affairs, environment and planning · Roma Capitale: 1 376.0 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) · 2,748,175EUR 501/res.

Stable link to this category

Administration & other programmes

native cause from the spec

EUR 2,338/res.

Cause de dépense des paliers displayed (indicateur du Stack ou périmètre municipal selon le sélecteur). Grain: division / cause native: pas de montant inventé au niveau groupe ou classe.

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Administration & other programmes · European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 6. Neighbourhood and the World: 86 M€; 7. European Public Administration: 285 M€; O Outside MFF: 0 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission). · 59.0MEUR 6/res.

Italie (central government) · Administration & other programmes · Italy centrale: 106 586.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024): less 24 €/res.: the ribbon to Roma Capitale comes from here, les transferts aux communes vivent DANS les fonctions COFOG (les montrer deux fois serait un double compte) · 58,971,230EUR 1,783/res.

Roma Capitale · Administration & other programmes · Roma Capitale: 1 509.4 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) · 2,748,175EUR 549/res.

Stable link to this category

Health

native cause from the spec

EUR 1,495/res.

Cause de dépense des paliers displayed (indicateur du Stack ou périmètre municipal selon le sélecteur). Grain: division / cause native: pas de montant inventé au niveau groupe ou classe.

Italie (central government) · Health and social services · Italie centrale: 88 145.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) · 58,971,230EUR 1,495/res.

Stable link to this category

Debt service

native cause from the spec

EUR 1,445/res.

Cause de dépense des paliers displayed (indicateur du Stack ou périmètre municipal selon le sélecteur). Grain: division / cause native: pas de montant inventé au niveau groupe ou classe.

Italie (central government) · Debt interest · Italie centrale: 85 211.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) · 58,971,230EUR 1,445/res.

Roma Capitale · Debt interest · Roma Capitale: 0.4 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) · 2,748,175EUR 0/res.

Stable link to this category

Education

native cause from the spec

EUR 1,442/res.

Cause de dépense des paliers displayed (indicateur du Stack ou périmètre municipal selon le sélecteur). Grain: division / cause native: pas de montant inventé au niveau groupe ou classe.

Italie (central government) · Education (primary → university) · Italie centrale: 71 975.9 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) · 58,971,230EUR 1,221/res.

Roma Capitale · Education (primary → university) · Roma Capitale: 608.4 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) · 2,748,175EUR 221/res.

Stable link to this category

Transport

native cause from the spec

EUR 1,101/res.

Cause de dépense des paliers displayed (indicateur du Stack ou périmètre municipal selon le sélecteur). Grain: division / cause native: pas de montant inventé au niveau groupe ou classe.

Italie (central government) · Transport and mobility · Italie centrale: 32 084.7 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) · 58,971,230EUR 544/res.

Roma Capitale · Transport and mobility · Roma Capitale: 1 531.2 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) · 2,748,175EUR 557/res.

Stable link to this category

Safety and justice

native cause from the spec

EUR 720/res.

Cause de dépense des paliers displayed (indicateur du Stack ou périmètre municipal selon le sélecteur). Grain: division / cause native: pas de montant inventé au niveau groupe ou classe.

European Union (budget executed in the country) · Public safety and justice · European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 4. Migration and Border Management: 255 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission). · 59.0MEUR 4/res.

Italy (central government) · Public safety and justice · Italy centrale: 34 477.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024) · 58,971,230EUR 585/res.

Roma Capitale · Public safety and justice · Roma Capitale: 360.3 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024) · 2,748,175EUR 131/res.

Stable link to this category

Function × cost-nature cross-tab not published Wages, contracts and depreciation are not joined to each spending cause in this source. The two axes stay separate: we do not invent the product of the shares.

2. Flow diagram

Recettes à gauche, tiers au milieu, causes de dépense à droite. Chaque montant est par habitant du palier qui le porte. Le tableau sous le diagramme reprend chaque poste en entier: le dessin peut raccourcir un nom, le tableau ne le fait pas. Barres et Sankey partagent les mêmes observations et la même release.

Show the amounts table

Rome: one resident and their tiers: each row is a flow per capita of the tier that carries it. The drawing may shorten a name; this table does not.
Flow line	Tier (population of this tier)	Kind of flow	Amount per capita of this tier
Revenue and financing
Taxes and levies	European Union (budget executed in the country) (tier Population: 59.0M)	Own revenue	EUR 18 per capita of this tier
Grants and transfers received	European Union (budget executed in the country) (tier Population: 59.0M)	Own revenue	EUR 109 per capita of this tier
Other and capital	European Union (budget executed in the country) (tier Population: 59.0M)	Own revenue	EUR 32 per capita of this tier
Borrowing, financial movements and carried-forward balance (not revenue of the year)	European Union (budget executed in the country) (tier Population: 59.0M)	Reported borrowing (financing need)	EUR 66 per capita of this tier
Taxes on production & imports (VAT, excise…)	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Own revenue	EUR 4,185 per capita of this tier
Taxes on income, wealth & capital	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Own revenue	EUR 5,377 per capita of this tier
Other revenue (transfers received, sales and income)	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Own revenue	EUR 1,136 per capita of this tier
Financing need (deficit)	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Reported borrowing (financing need)	EUR 1,442 per capita of this tier
Local taxes (excluding State funds)	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Own revenue	EUR 1,102 per capita of this tier
Tarifs, ventes & revenue extratributaires	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Own revenue	EUR 431 per capita of this tier
Réduction d'actifs financiers	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Own revenue	EUR 106 per capita of this tier
Other transfers & revenue en capital	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Own revenue	EUR 274 per capita of this tier
Intergovernmental transfers
Transfer toward Roma Capitale	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Financing of another tier (outflow)	EUR 24 per capita of this tier
Transfer received from Italie (central government)	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Financing received from another tier (inflow)	EUR 519 per capita of this tier
Denominator effect on the transfer Italie (central government) to Roma Capitale: not a new dollar	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	A change of population, not new revenue	EUR 495 per capita of this tier (denominator gap, not a new dollar)
Spending purposes
Social protection & family	European Union (budget executed in the country) (tier Population: 59.0M)	Spending purpose	EUR 6 per capita of this tier
Social protection & family	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 2,658 per capita of this tier
Social protection & family	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Spending purpose	EUR 279 per capita of this tier
Health and social services	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 1,495 per capita of this tier
Education (primary → university)	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 1,221 per capita of this tier
Education (primary → university)	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Spending purpose	EUR 221 per capita of this tier
Debt interest	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 1,445 per capita of this tier
Defence	European Union (budget executed in the country) (tier Population: 59.0M)	Spending purpose	EUR 3 per capita of this tier
Defence	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 480 per capita of this tier
Public safety and justice	European Union (budget executed in the country) (tier Population: 59.0M)	Spending purpose	EUR 4 per capita of this tier
Public safety and justice	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 585 per capita of this tier
Public safety and justice	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Spending purpose	EUR 131 per capita of this tier
Transport and mobility	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 544 per capita of this tier
Transport and mobility	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Spending purpose	EUR 557 per capita of this tier
Economic affairs, environment and planning	European Union (budget executed in the country) (tier Population: 59.0M)	Spending purpose	EUR 206 per capita of this tier
Economic affairs, environment and planning	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 1,674 per capita of this tier
Economic affairs, environment and planning	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Spending purpose	EUR 501 per capita of this tier
Leisure & culture	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 213 per capita of this tier
Leisure & culture	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Spending purpose	EUR 80 per capita of this tier
Administration & other programmes	European Union (budget executed in the country) (tier Population: 59.0M)	Spending purpose	EUR 6 per capita of this tier
Administration & other programmes	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 1,783 per capita of this tier
Administration & other programmes	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Spending purpose	EUR 549 per capita of this tier
ESA statistical discrepancy (identified)	Italy (central government) (tier Population: 58,971,230)	Spending purpose	EUR 20 per capita of this tier
SAVING (surplus)	Roma Capitale (tier Population: 2,748,175)	Saving: revenue not spent in the period	EUR 115 per capita of this tier

3. COFOG and GFSM lenses

COFOG classifies why money is spent; GFSM classifies where revenue comes from. The site's cause bars remain the summary of published money. Groups and classes carry no invented amount.

International lenses for Rome: COFOG for the why of the spending, GFSM for where the revenue comes from. The site's cause bars remain the summary of published money.

Mesure: Spending published by cause, ramenée à la division COFOG 1999 · unité: per capita of the tier carried in the spec · groups and classes carry no invented amount.

General public services013,783 EUR / hab Pont provisoire Unknown

01.1Executive, legislative, fiscal and external affairs · 3 class(es), amount not published separately
01.2Foreign economic aid · 2 class(es), amount not published separately
01.3General services · 3 class(es), amount not published separately
01.4Basic research · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
01.5R&D general public services · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
01.6General public services n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
01.7Public debt transactions · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
01.8Transfers between government levels · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Site causes: Debt interest, Administration & other programmes

Site debt-service cause; COFOG places public debt transactions under 01.7 when classified by purpose. Not a programme function. · Site bucket for general admin and unallocated remainder; may include GF01 remainder.

Defence02483 EUR / hab Pont vérifié Unknown

02.1Military defence · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
02.2Civil defence · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
02.3Foreign military aid · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
02.4R&D defence · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
02.5Defence n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Site causes: Defence

COFOG GF02 Defence.

Public order and safety03720 EUR / hab Pont vérifié Unknown

03.1Police services · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
03.2Fire-protection services · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
03.3Law courts · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
03.4Prisons · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
03.5R&D public order and safety · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
03.6Public order and safety n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Site causes: Public safety and justice

COFOG GF03 Public order and safety.

Economic affairs043,482 EUR / hab Pont provisoire Unknown

04.1General economic, commercial and labour affairs · 2 class(es), amount not published separately
04.2Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting · 3 class(es), amount not published separately
04.3Fuel and energy · 6 class(es), amount not published separately
04.4Mining, manufacturing and construction · 3 class(es), amount not published separately
04.5Transport · 5 class(es), amount not published separately
04.6Communication · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
04.7Other industries · 4 class(es), amount not published separately
04.8R&D economic affairs · 7 class(es), amount not published separately
04.9Economic affairs n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Site causes: Transport and mobility, Economic affairs, environment and planning

Transport is GF04 group; site cause is transport-focused but may omit other GF04. · Site merges economic affairs (GF04) and environment (GF05); amounts not split. · Site cause « Economic affairs, environment and planning » maps to COFOG 04, 05; amount kept on the first code only (split not published).

Environmental protection05Not published separately Pont provisoire Unknown

05.1Waste management · 3 class(es), amount not published separately
05.2Waste water management · 2 class(es), amount not published separately
05.3Pollution abatement · 3 class(es), amount not published separately
05.4Biodiversity and landscape · 2 class(es), amount not published separately
05.5R&D environmental protection · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
05.6Environmental protection n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Site cause « Economic affairs, environment and planning » maps to COFOG 04, 05; amount kept on the first code only (split not published).

Housing and community amenities06Not published separately Non relié Unknown

06.1Housing development · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
06.2Community development · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
06.3Water supply · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
06.4Street lighting · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
06.5R&D housing and community amenities · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
06.6Housing and community amenities n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Health071,495 EUR / hab Pont vérifié Unknown

07.1Medical products, appliances and equipment · 3 class(es), amount not published separately
07.2Outpatient services · 4 class(es), amount not published separately
07.3Hospital services · 4 class(es), amount not published separately
07.4Public health services · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
07.5R&D health · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
07.6Health n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Site causes: Health & social services

COFOG GF07 Health.

Recreation, culture and religion08293 EUR / hab Pont provisoire Unknown

08.1Recreational and sporting services · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
08.2Cultural services · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
08.3Broadcasting and publishing · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
08.4Religious and community services · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
08.5R&D recreation, culture and religion · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
08.6Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Site causes: Leisure & culture

Mapped from leisure/culture label to COFOG 08; no site cause id.

Education091,442 EUR / hab Pont vérifié Unknown

09.1Pre-primary and primary education · 2 class(es), amount not published separately
09.2Secondary education · 2 class(es), amount not published separately
09.3Post-secondary non-tertiary education · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
09.4Tertiary education · 2 class(es), amount not published separately
09.5Education not definable by level · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
09.6Subsidiary services to education · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
09.7R&D education · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
09.8Education n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Site causes: Education (primary → university)

COFOG GF09 Education.

Social protection102,943 EUR / hab Pont vérifié Unknown

10.1Sickness and disability · 2 class(es), amount not published separately
10.2Old age · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
10.3Survivors · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
10.4Family and children · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
10.5Unemployment · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
10.6Housing · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
10.7Social exclusion n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
10.8R&D social protection · 1 class(es), amount not published separately
10.9Social protection n.e.c. · 1 class(es), amount not published separately

Site causes: Social protection & family

COFOG GF10 Social protection.

Classification: GFSM 2014 revenue (11-14) · no COFOG on revenue · borrowing is not revenue.

Source (GFSM)	Code	Status	EUR / hab
Taxes	11	Pont provisoire	18
Social contributions	12	Non relié	Not published separately
Dons	13	Pont provisoire	109
Other revenue	14	Pont provisoire	32
Loans, mouvements financiers et solde reporté	outside code GFSM Revenue	Not revenue	66

Balance principal On this page:resident footprint G = T + D (same formula as the hub and the diagram). It is not pas une consolidation GFSM. Soldes GFSM (résultat net d’exploitation, capacité/besoin de financement) displayed seulement lorsqu’une source les porte; sinon le manque est nommé.

Spending G (footprint)14,661 EUR / hab

Own revenue T12,770 EUR / hab

Reste D (G − T)1,891 EUR / hab

Résultat net d’exploitation (GFSM)Not published separately

Net lending / net borrowing (GFSM)Not published separately

Pont GFSM: Spending

expense + investissement net en NON-FINANCIAL ASSETS. L'investissement net = acquisitions − cessions − CFC. La CFC est déjà dans expense: elle n'est pas ajoutée une seconde fois au total.

Expense: not published EUR /res.
Acquisitions d'actifs non financiers: not published
Cessions: not published
CFC (consumption of fixed capital): not published
Investissement net: not published
Expenditure (GFSM): not published

Pont GFSM not calculated pour cette ville: acquisitions, cessions et CFC ne sont pas joints dans le spec. CCOFOG StatCan exclut la CFC et ne fournit pas les acquisitions d'actifs non financiers. Le concept source reste published under son nom exact.

4. Revenue by source

Taxes, tarifs et besoin de financement. Official amount, population du palier et division écrites avant la colonne /hab. Un revenu fiscal n'est pas une fonction COFOG; l'emprunt n'est pas une recette fiscale.

The causes below come from the published breakdown for this city (municipal accounts + provincial/federal CCOFOG). No national key is quietly applied to a total.

European Union (budget executed in the country)Federal or national tier

European Union (budget executed in the country): revenue by source (per capita)

Recettes du palier: montant officiel, population, per capita, part et calcul
Source	Official amount	Population	/res.	Share	Calcul
Taxes and levies	20.1 G€	59.0 M	EUR 18	8 %	8.0 % of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS inside S13 spending (arbitrage A16). EUR (source Commission). → 1.1 G ÷ 59.0M () = 18/res.
Grants and transfers received	20.1 G€	59.0 M	EUR 109	48 %	48.3 % of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS inside S13 spending (arbitrage A16). EUR (source Commission). → 6.4 G ÷ 59.0M () = 109/res.
Other and capital	20.1 G€	59.0 M	EUR 32	14 %	14.4 % of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS inside S13 spending (arbitrage A16). EUR (source Commission). → 1.9 G ÷ 59.0M () = 32/res.
Borrowing, financial movements and carried-forward balance (not revenue of the year)	20.1 G€	59.0 M	EUR 66	29 %	29.3 % of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS inside S13 spending (arbitrage A16). EUR (source Commission). → 3.9 G ÷ 59.0M () = 66/res.

Montant officiel: tel que la source le publie. /hab = ce montant ÷ la population de CE palier (colonne Population). Share = part dans les recettes propres et déficits de ce palier.

European Union (budget executed in the country): spending by purpose (per capita)

Spending by cause: Official amount, population, per capita, part et calcul
Source	Official amount	Population	/res.	Share	Calcul
Social protection & family	352 M€	59.0 M	EUR 6	3 %	European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): S Solidarity mechanisms (special instruments): 352 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission).
Defence	166 M€	59.0 M	EUR 3	1 %	European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 5. Security and Defence: 166 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission).
Public safety and justice	255 M€	59.0 M	EUR 4	2 %	European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 4. Migration and Border Management: 255 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission).
Economic affairs, environment and planning	1.6 G€	59.0 M	EUR 206	92 %	European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 1. Single Market, Innovation and Digital: 1.6 G€; 2. Cohesion, Resilience and Values: 4.6 G€; 3. Natural Resources and Environment: 5.9 G€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission).
Administration & other programmes	86 M€	59.0 M	EUR 6	3 %	European Union, spending executed in the country (2024): 6. Neighbourhood and the World: 86 M€; 7. European Public Administration: 285 M€; O Outside MFF: 0 M€. Commission cash desk, outside ESA framework. EUR (source Commission).

Italie (central government)Provincial or state tierflag for this tier not proven in the register

Italy (central government): revenue by source (per res.)

Recettes du palier: montant officiel, population, per capita, part et calcul
Source	Official amount	Population	/res.	Share	Calcul
Taxes on production & imports (VAT, excise…)	246,797 M€	58,971,230	EUR 4,185	34 %	246,797 M€ (Eurostat gov_10a_taxag D2, S1311, 2024) → 246.8 G ÷ 58,971,230 () = 4,185/res.
Taxes on income, wealth & capital	317,113 M€	58,971,230	EUR 5,377	44 %	317,113 M€ (D5 + D91) → 317.1 G ÷ 58,971,230 () = 5,377/res.
Other revenue (transfers received, sales and income)	67,010 M€	58,971,230	EUR 1,136	9 %	67,010 M€: named residual: TR minus the listed taxes → 67.0 G ÷ 58,971,230 () = 1,136/res.
Financing need (deficit)	85,035 M€	58,971,230	EUR 1,442	12 %	85,035 M€ (B9 = TR − TE, exact in the source) → 85.0 G ÷ 58,971,230 () = 1,442/res.

Montant officiel: tel que la source le publie. /hab = ce montant ÷ la population de CE palier (colonne Population). Share = part dans les recettes propres et déficits de ce palier.

Italy (central government): spending by cause (per res.)

Spending by cause: Official amount, population, per capita, part et calcul
Source	Official amount	Population	/res.	Share	Calcul
Social protection & family	156 732.0 M€	58,971,230	EUR 2,658	22 %	Italie centrale: 156 732.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024)
Health and social services	88 145.0 M€	58,971,230	EUR 1,495	12 %	Italie centrale: 88 145.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024)
Education (primary → university)	71 975.9 M€	58,971,230	EUR 1,221	10 %	Italie centrale: 71 975.9 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024)
Debt interest	85 211.0 M€	58,971,230	EUR 1,445	12 %	Italie centrale: 85 211.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024)
Defence	28 301.0 M€	58,971,230	EUR 480	4 %	Italie centrale: 28 301.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024)
Public safety and justice	34 477.0 M€	58,971,230	EUR 585	5 %	Italie centrale: 34 477.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024)
Transport and mobility	32 084.7 M€	58,971,230	EUR 544	4 %	Italie centrale: 32 084.7 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024)
Economic affairs, environment and planning	98 717.8 M€	58,971,230	EUR 1,674	14 %	Italie centrale: 98 717.8 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024)
Leisure & culture	12 561.6 M€	58,971,230	EUR 213	2 %	Italie centrale: 12 561.6 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024)
Administration & other programmes	106 586.0 M€	58,971,230	EUR 1,783	15 %	Italy centrale: 106 586.0 M€ (COFOG S1311 2024): less 24 €/res.: the ribbon to Roma Capitale comes from here, les transferts aux communes vivent DANS les fonctions COFOG (les montrer deux fois serait un double compte)
ESA statistical discrepancy (identified)	1,163 M€	58,971,230	EUR 20	0 %	TE (total des dépenses S1311) − total COFOG publié = 1,163 M€ (0 2%). Les deux figures are officiels; l'écart est affiché pas caché.

Roma CapitaleTier municipal

Roma Capitale: revenue by source (per res.)

Recettes du palier: montant officiel, population, per capita, part et calcul
Source	Official amount	Population	/res.	Share	Calcul
Local taxes (excluding State funds)	3 028.8 M€	2,748,175	EUR 1,102	58 %	3 028.8 M€: titolo 1 minus the State equalisation fund → 3.0 G ÷ 2,748,175 () = 1,102/res.
Tarifs, ventes & revenue extratributaires	1 185.2 M€	2,748,175	EUR 431	23 %	1 185.2 M€ (titolo 3) → 1.2 G ÷ 2,748,175 () = 431/res.
Réduction d'actifs financiers	292.5 M€	2,748,175	EUR 106	6 %	292.5 M€ (titolo 5, deposit withdrawals) → 291.3 M ÷ 2,748,175 () = 106/res.
Other transfers & revenue en capital	754.2 M€	2,748,175	EUR 274	14 %	754.2 M€: titles 2 and 4 minus all identified central components → 753.0 M ÷ 2,748,175 () = 274/res.

Montant officiel: tel que la source le publie. /hab = ce montant ÷ la population de CE palier (colonne Population). Share = part dans les recettes propres et déficits de ce palier.

Roma Capitale: spending by cause (per res.)

Spending by cause: Official amount, population, per capita, part et calcul
Source	Official amount	Population	/res.	Share	Calcul
Social protection & family	766.3 M€	2,748,175	EUR 279	11 %	Roma Capitale: 766.3 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024)
Education (primary → university)	608.4 M€	2,748,175	EUR 221	9 %	Roma Capitale: 608.4 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024)
Debt interest	0.4 M€	2,748,175	EUR 0	0 %	Roma Capitale: 0.4 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024)
Public safety and justice	360.3 M€	2,748,175	EUR 131	5 %	Roma Capitale: 360.3 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024)
Transport and mobility	1 531.2 M€	2,748,175	EUR 557	23 %	Roma Capitale: 1 531.2 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024)
Economic affairs, environment and planning	1 376.0 M€	2,748,175	EUR 501	21 %	Roma Capitale: 1 376.0 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024)
Leisure & culture	218.6 M€	2,748,175	EUR 80	3 %	Roma Capitale: 218.6 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024)
Administration & other programmes	1 509.4 M€	2,748,175	EUR 549	23 %	Roma Capitale: 1 509.4 M€ (missioni, rendiconto 2024)
SAVING (surplus)	315.8 M€	2,748,175	EUR 115	5 %	Roma Capitale: surplus 315.8 M€ (entrate finali − spese finali)

Same figures as the breakdown page. Hover a row = full source note. The tax rate by line is not wired: column named and empty until the source publishes it.

Data-quality signals (abrégé à côté du chiffre; Details here):

Audited Account or report audited by an independent body.
API official Series published through an official API or machine feed.
Document official Figure relu in un document public (PDF, HTML, XLSX).
Derived Computed here from published figures (formula in the proof).
Partial Coverage incomplète: some pièces manquent, named ailleurs.
Retenu Datum existante but non published here (porte de publication).
Non disponible Attendue mais not connectede ou inaccessible.
Not published The source or the territory does not publish this value.
Non applicable The concept does not apply to this scope.

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COLOURSfamily « Public finances » la même teinte désigne cette fonction publique partout: onglets, flow diagram, Spending by category, figure cards.intensity = position pâle = bas de la fourchette des pays chiffrés, plein = haut. This is un position marker, NOT a score: "high" does not mean "good."light stroke the median of countries with figures, on the position bar.green / amber / grey on the counter tous les indicateurs de la section sont chiffrés / une partie seulement / aucun. The counter is the number of rows with figures on this page.gris no datum. Le gris est réservé au manque et n'habille jamais une value: a grey cell is an empty cell, clearly disclosed.

Generated from official accounts at each publication, mandatory checks; the division is in each row's hover text; columns without a connected source are named, never filled. coverage & holds