GovXRay
Les governments, ensemble ou un à un.
Which governments regarder ?
The words on this page: 13 definitions, including 4 acronyms, no jargon
- City
- On this site, "city" means ALL the governments that serve a person who lives there: national, regional and municipal together. When we write "Montreal", that set is what we mean.
- Municipality
- The city hall alone, and nothing else. Its revenue, its spending, its debt. That is a small part of what a resident carries: the rest comes from the other two governments.
- Tier
- One of the governments that administer you. Here there are up to three: national, regional (province, state, Land…) and municipal. Each collects its own taxes and pays its own services.
- Per capita
- The total amount divided by the number of people. Note: each government is divided by the population of ITS territory: the national one by the whole country, the city by its residents only.
- Resident public footprint
- Our way of adding the three governments to give an order of magnitude. This is not an official account: these are three calculations on three different populations, placed end to end.
- Scope
- What is counted and what is not. "MUNICIPAL ONLY" counts only the municipality; "all governments" adds the province and the federal tier. Two very different amounts can both be right.
- Vintage
- The financial year of the figure: the fiscal year the report covers. It is not always the same from one government to another, and the page writes it each time.
- Own revenue
- Money a government collects itself: taxes, levies, fees, fines. What it receives from another government is excluded, otherwise the same tax would be counted twice.
- Transfer
- Money one government pays to another: for example Ottawa paying Quebec for health. This is not a new tax: it is a tax already collected, moved.
- GFSM
- Government Finance Statistics Manual: the IMF standard that defines how to consolidate public accounts
- COFOG
- the international classification of public spending by function: health, education, defence…
- S13
- the European code for all of a country's general government, every layer together
- S1313
- the European code for local government
GOVERNMENT STACK
Rome Government Stack
The public administrations around Rome residents.
European Union (budget executed in the country) · Italy (central government) · Roma Capitale
Government StackCity only
Les public finances autour of a resident de Rome.
Indicateur du Stack, construit à partir des moyennes par habitant (Union européenne (budget exécuté dans le pays) ÷ 59.0M, Italie (central government) ÷ 58,971,230, Roma Capitale ÷ 2,748,175). Ce n'est pas la dépense mesurée dans Rome, ni une consolidation GFSM, ni une facture fiscale personnelle.
No defensible Stack total for this perimeter: figures by administration below.
- European Union (budget executed in the country) (÷ 59.0M)
- Italie (central government) (÷ 58,971,230)
- Roma Capitale (÷ 2,748,175)
No published reconciliation ledger for a Stack total: the participating administrations are shown separately.
CALCULATIONS AND EVIDENCEFinancial analysis, calculations and evidenceOpen calculations and evidenceReplier
Sous ce bouton: le contrôle de plafond, ce qui ressort des comptes, le solde de chaque palier, le bilan par palier et la qualité de la fiche. Each figure porte son scope (city, pile des paliers, province, aire urbaine ou pays), son exercice et son unité. D'où vient chaque montant est écrit plus haut, au source ledger.
Who governs here: 3 institution(s) · 1 non additionnable(s)
The list of the governments qui s'appliquent à un résident, qu'on ait leurs chiffres ou non. An institution does not disappear because its data is missing.
●
Italie: État, social security et régions
État central · fiscal data on the site · additionnable
●
Roma Capitale
municipalité locale · fiscal data on the site · additionnable
●
social security (S1314): INPS, INAIL
sous-secteur de la social security · fiscal data on the site · NON additionnable: budget distinct, not connected
Balance Sheet: per capita, By tier
| Tier | Revenue/res. | Spending/res. | Balance/res. | Fiscal year | Status | Source | Calcul |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Italy (all tiers) | EUR 17,568 | EUR 18,819 | −EUR 1,251 | 2024 | AUDITEDValue from audited financial statements or a final official accounting return. | API | revenue 1,036,025 mn · spending 1,109,804 mn · balance -73,779 mn ÷ 58,971,230 hab |
| · of which EU budget (executed in the country) | EUR 225 | EUR 225 | EUR 0 | 2024 | audited | UNION · Commission | Commission EU spending and revenue 2024: dépense UE dans le pays 13.3 G€ ÷ 58,971,230 hab = EUR 225/hab. National contribution 15.7 G€ REMAINS in S13 (not removed). Cash net position -2.5 G€ (outside cadre ESA). EUR (source Commission). |
| · including central government | EUR 10,699 | EUR 12,141 | −EUR 1,442 | 2024 | audited | COUNTRY · Eurostat | Eurostat gov_10a_main 2024, S1311: expenditure 715,955.0 M EUR × 1e6 ÷ 58,971,230 hab (the same Population as the « all tiers » line) = EUR 12,141/res. · revenue 630,920.0 M. Σ des sous-secteurs > S13: les transferts entre paliers sont counted dans chaque palier avant élimination (S13 TE = 1,109,804.0 M): un double compte nommé, never tu. |
| · including Local government (ta city is dedans) | EUR 5,374 | EUR 5,337 | EUR 37 | 2024 | audited | COUNTRY · Eurostat | Eurostat gov_10a_main 2024, S1313: expenditure 314,707.0 M EUR × 1e6 ÷ 58,971,230 hab (the same Population as the « all tiers » line) = EUR 5,337/res. · revenue 316,912.0 M. Σ des sous-secteurs > S13: les transferts entre paliers sont counted dans chaque palier avant élimination (S13 TE = 1,109,804.0 M): un double compte nommé, never tu. |
| · including social security | EUR 7,760 | EUR 7,607 | EUR 153 | 2024 | audited | COUNTRY · Eurostat | Eurostat gov_10a_main 2024, S1314: expenditure 448,574.0 M EUR × 1e6 ÷ 58,971,230 hab (the same Population as the « all tiers » line) = EUR 7,607/res. · revenue 457,625.0 M. Σ des sous-secteurs > S13: les transferts entre paliers sont counted dans chaque palier avant élimination (S13 TE = 1,109,804.0 M): un double compte nommé, never tu. |
 Rome | EUR 2,433 | EUR 2,318 | EUR 115 | 2024 | AUDITEDValue from audited financial statements or a final official accounting return. | document | revenue 6,686 mn · spending 6,371 mn · balance 316 mn ÷ 2,748,175 hab |
| Resident public footprint (Spending by category) | EUR 12,770 | EUR 14,661 | −EUR 1,891 | by tier | not published | footprint GovXRay | La même formule que Dépenses par catégorie (G = T + D, module consolide): all-purpose spending G 14,661 − own-source revenue T 12,770 = 1,891 EUR/res.. NE PAS additionner avec les lignes par palier: chacune divise par SA population et porte SON fiscal year; their sum is not the resident's deficit. |
Chaque ligne = une entité des comptes officiels (contrôles passés); le calcul de chaque cellule est dans la cellule elle-même quand publié. « Ensemble des administrations (S13) » est l'agrégat du FMI: les lignes « dont » et la municipalité sont DEDANS, ne pas additionner; Σ des « dont » dépasse le S13 (transferts counted deux fois avant élimination). La ligne « Empreinte publique du résident » est la même formule que Dépenses par catégorie (G = T + D): ce n'est PAS une consolidation au sens GFSM, et elle ne se déduit pas des lignes du dessus: dénominateurs et exercices différents. Monnaies locales: conversion USD On the Side-by-side comparison.
Why these rows do not add up
Each tier is counted per capita of its own territory: le fédéral par habitant du pays, la province par habitant de la province, la ville par résident. Additionner trois dénominateurs différents ne donne aucun chiffre réel: c'est pourquoi la somme des soldes ci-dessus (−EUR 1,136) is not the resident's balance (−EUR 1,891). This gap breaks down exactly into four lines: See the calculation, row by row ↑
What "receiving" means: 54% of this spending is services delivered or transfers; the rest is an accounting share
Une dépense nationale divisée par la population du pays n'est pas un service received, même quand le montant par habitant est juste. Chaque cause est classée selon ce qu'elle est RÉELLEMENT pour un résident: la classification dépend de la cause ET du palier qui paie.
40%Individual servicea service consumed individually: actually received, but not equally
26%Non attribuablethere is no basis for determining who benefits
16%National shareune dépense du pays divisée par sa population: une part comptable, PAS un service received
14%Service localdelivered on the city's territory
3%Bien collectifindivisible by nature: no one receives an individual share
0%Versement directmoney paid to households; the amount received depends on eligibility
Fact receipt
Claim Stack: bodies_only
Indicateur du Stack, construit à partir des moyennes par habitant (Union européenne (budget exécuté dans le pays) ÷ 59.0M, Italie (central government) ÷ 58,971,230, Roma Capitale ÷ 2,748,175). Ce n'est pas la dépense mesurée dans Rome, ni une consolidation GFSM, ni une facture fiscale personnelle.
No published reconciliation ledger for a Stack total: the participating administrations are shown separately.
- Total Stack combiné: No published reconciliation ledger for a Stack total: the participating administrations are shown separately. (European Union (budget executed in the country) · Italie (central government) · Roma Capitale)
TAKE THIS PAGE
Les tables displayed ci-dessus, tels qu'ils sont displayed, column source comprise. L'en-tête du fichier porte l'adresse de la page, sa date de publication et la devise active au moment du clic: un tableau exporté sans its provenance becomes an unsourced figure the next time it is opened.
COLOURSfamily « Public finances » la même teinte désigne cette fonction publique partout: onglets, flow diagram, Spending by category, figure cards.intensity = position pâle = bas de la fourchette des pays chiffrés, plein = haut. This is un position marker, NOT a score: "high" does not mean "good."light stroke the median of countries with figures, on the position bar.green / amber / grey on the counter tous les indicateurs de la section sont chiffrés / une partie seulement / aucun. The counter is the number of rows with figures on this page.gris no datum. Le gris est réservé au manque et n'habille jamais une value: a grey cell is an empty cell, clearly disclosed.
Generated from official
accounts at each publication, mandatory checks: no figure typed by hand;
sections with no connected source are greyed and named, never filled.
coverage & holds
WHERE THE FIGURES COME FROMOpen the official receipt, tier by tier
Each tier is a menu: closed, you read its name, vintage and Population; open, its line items. Each row is one line from the official accounts of un tier: tax, levy, contribution or deficit: divided by the Population of ce Tier. L'impôt du national tier ÷ la population de tout le pays n'est pas ce qu'un habitant de cette ville verse; la taxe levée par la ville ÷ sa propre population l'est davantage. Native currency first. Les transferts changent de hauteur parce que le payeur et le bénéficiaire n'ont pas la même population: même argent, deux dénominateurs.
Phone: the line, its kind, the calculation. The source note is on the calculation hover.
European Union (budget executed in the country)4 line items in this tier
| What it is | Nature | Official ÷ Population = /res. | Where the amount comes from |
|---|---|---|---|
| Taxes and levies | revenue | n/d ÷ 59.0 M = 18 | 8.0% of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS in S13 expenditure (arbitration A16). EUR (Commission source). |
| Grants and transfers received | revenue | n/d ÷ 59.0 M = 109 | 48.3% of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS in S13 expenditure (arbitration A16). EUR (Commission source). |
| Other and capital | revenue | n/d ÷ 59.0 M = 32 | 14.4% of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS in S13 expenditure (arbitration A16). EUR (Commission source). |
| Borrowing, financial movements and carried-forward balance (not revenue of the year) | deficit (borrowing) | n/d ÷ 59.0 M = 66 | 29.3% of the tier's revenue: structure of the Union budget's revenue 2024 (Commission, REVENUE block: traditional own resources €20.1bn, Member State contributions €121.0bn, other revenue €36.2bn, NGEU borrowing €73.3bn), applied to the Union's spending in the country PRO RATA, NAMED (A17): the Union does not publish which revenue funds which country. 13.3 G€: TOTAL EXPENDITURE Commission 2024, allocated to this Member State. Cash ≠ ESA national accounts. The national contribution (15.7 G€ in the Commission file) STAYS in S13 expenditure (arbitration A16). EUR (Commission source). |
Italie (central government)4 line items in this tier
| What it is | Nature | Official ÷ Population = /res. | Where the amount comes from |
|---|---|---|---|
| Taxes on production & imports (VAT, excise…) | revenue | 246,797 M€ ÷ 58,971,230 = 4,185 | 246,797 M€ (Eurostat gov_10a_taxag D2, S1311, 2024). Eurostat gov_10a_taxag D2, S1311, 2024 |
| Taxes on income, wealth & capital | revenue | 317,113 M€ ÷ 58,971,230 = 5,377 | 317,113 M€ (D5 + D91). D5 + D91 |
| Other revenue (transfers received, sales and income) | revenue | 67,010 M€ ÷ 58,971,230 = 1,136 | 67,010 M€: named residual: TR minus the listed taxes. named residual: TR minus the listed taxes |
| Financing need (deficit) | deficit (borrowing) | 85,035 M€ ÷ 58,971,230 = 1,442 | 85,035 M€ (B9 = TR − TE, exact in the source). B9 = TR − TE, exact in the source |
Roma Capitale4 line items in this tier
| What it is | Nature | Official ÷ Population = /res. | Where the amount comes from |
|---|---|---|---|
| Local taxes (excluding State funds) | revenue | 3 028.8 M€ ÷ 2,748,175 = 1,102 | 3 028.8 M€: titolo 1 minus the State equalisation fund. titolo 1 minus the State equalisation fund |
| Tarifs, ventes & revenue extratributaires | revenue | 1 185.2 M€ ÷ 2,748,175 = 431 | 1 185.2 M€ (titolo 3). titolo 3 |
| Réduction d'actifs financiers | revenue | 292.5 M€ ÷ 2,748,175 = 106 | 292.5 M€ (titolo 5, deposit withdrawals). titolo 5, deposit withdrawals |
| Other transfers & revenue en capital | revenue | 754.2 M€ ÷ 2,748,175 = 274 | 754.2 M€: titles 2 and 4 minus all identified central components. titles 2 and 4 minus all identified central components |
Transfers between tiers1 line item in this tier
| What it is | Nature | Official ÷ Population = /res. | Where the amount comes from |
|---|---|---|---|
| Italie (central government) → Roma Capitale | intergovernmental transfer | 1 425.7 M€ · 24 → 519 /res. | 58,971,230 → 2,748,175 · Italie → Roma Capitale: 1 425.7 M€ of transfers from the rendiconto. 24 €/Italien → 519 € per Roma Capitale resident. Same amount, two denominators kept explicitly apart. |
EU net position 2024 (Commission cash, outside ESA): EU spending in the country 13.3 G€ − national contribution 15.7 G€ = -2.5 G€ (net contributor (national contribution > EU spending in the country)). The national contribution STAYS inside S13 spending (different flow, both named). The EU tier is only Union spending executed in the country. EUR (source Commission). Vintage: Italian central ESA S1311 and Roma Capitale rendiconto 2024 . Named missing tier: Regione Lazio is withheld. Central transfers: equalisation + current + capital funds all read from the official annexes. Principal repayments removed mission by mission; FPV partite di giro and debt movements excluded and named. Statistical gap TE − COFOG total: 1,163 M€ (ESA) named.